English Vocab 5 By Anoop Verma Sir

1. Banal (adjective): So lacking in originality as to be obvious and boring.  (अत्यंत साधारण/मामूली) 
  • Synonyms: Trite, Hackneyed, Clichéd, Platitudinous, Vapid, Ordinary, Common, Conventional, Stereotyped, Predictable.
  • Antonyms: New, Original, Uncommon, Fresh.
Example: Because the movie’s plot was banal, we knew exactly how the film would end.
Related words:
Banality (noun) – साधारणता

2. Arbitrary (adjective): (of power or a ruling body) unrestrained and autocratic in the use of authority. (अनियन्त्रित/इच्छाधीन) 
  • Synonyms: Despotic, Autocratic, Dictatorial, Authoritarian, Draconian, Autarchic.
  • Antonyms: Logical, Reasonable, Regular, Sensible, Reasoned.
Example: People had to follow the arbitrary decision of king as they had no other choice.
Related words:
Arbitrarily (adverb) – मनमाने या अनियंत्रित रूप से

3. Unravel (verb): Investigate and solve or explain (something complicated or puzzling).  (सुलझाना) 
  • Synonyms: Solve, Resolve, Clear Up, Puzzle Out, Elucidate, Decipher, Crack, Untangle.
  • Antonyms: Entangle, Complicate, Enmesh, Embroil.
Example: The case was unraveled as the CBI team found the proofs against the suspected.
Verb forms: Unravel, Unraveled, Unraveled.
Related words:
Unraveler (noun) - सुलझाने वाला

4. Acknowledge (verb): Accept or admit the existence of/ recognize the importance or quality of.  (स्वीकार करना) 
  • Synonyms: Admit, Accept, Grant, Allow, Concede, Confess, Recognize.
  • Antonyms: Deny, Disagree, Disapprove, Oppose, Reject, Renounce, Disallow, Disavow.
Example: The child was obliged to acknowledge he had lied when the stolen toy was found in his room.
Verb forms: Acknowledge, Acknowledged, Acknowledged.
Related words:
Acknowledgement (noun) - अभिस्वीकृति

5. Quintessential (adjective): Representing the most perfect or typical example of a quality or class.  (सर्वोत्कृष्ट) 
  • Synonyms: Typical, Prototypical, Stereotypical, Archetypal, Classic, Model, Standard.
  • Antonyms: Ordinary, Common, Normal.
Example: The critics love the director’s latest film and consider it to be the quintessential horror movie.
Related words:
Quintessentially (adverb) –  विशिष्ट रूप से

6. Collaborate (verb): Work jointly on an activity.  (सहयोग देना/साथ मिलकर काम करना) 
  • Synonyms: Cooperate, Join, Team Up, Associate, Amalgamate, Integrate, Consort.
  • Antonyms: Divorce, Divide, Part.
Example: The software engineers will collaborate on the project to make sure it is available to the customer on the agreed upon date.
Verb forms: Collaborate, Collaborated, Collaborated.
Related words:
Collaboration (noun) - सहकार्यता

7. Culpability (noun): Responsibility for a fault or wrong.  (दोषी/अभियोज्यता)  
  • Synonyms: Blameworthiness, Blame, Guilt, Culpableness.
  • Antonyms: Acquittal, Absolve, Exoneration.
Example: The judge found the man culpable of the crime and sentenced him to life in prison.
Related words:
Culpable (adjective) – दंडयोग्य
Culprit (noun) – दोषी

8. Charlatan (noun): A person who falsely pretends to know or be something in order to deceive people (कपटी/झूठा) 
  • Synonyms: Quack, Mountebank, Sham, Fraud, Fake, Cheat, Deceiver.
  • Antonyms: Honest, Authentic, Truthful.
Example: The charlatan pretended to be a doctor so he could go into the hospital and steal prescription drugs.
9. Excerpt (noun): A short extract from something (a film, broadcast, or piece of music or writing.)  (अंश/उद्धरण/भाग) 
  • Synonyms: Extract, Part, Section, Piece, Portion, Fragment, Snippet.
  • Antonyms: Entirety, Whole.
Example: Since we had only a few minutes left in class, our teacher could only read an excerpt of the short story to us.
Verb forms: Excerpted, Excerpted, Excerpted.
Related words:
Excerpt (verb) – अंश होना
Excerption (noun) – उद्धरण 

10. Dismember (noun): Partition or divide up (a territory or organization).  (विभाजित करना/तोडना) 
  • Synonyms: Part, Divide, Sunder, Dissect, Split, Separate.
  • Antonyms: Unite, Combine, Connect, Join.
Example: Over a trivial issue, the organization was dismembered and both fell in terms of revenue after some time.
Verb forms: Dismember, Dismembered, Dismembered.
Related words:
Dismemberment (noun) – विच्छेद

11. Tenable (adjective): Able to be maintained or defended against attack or objection. (तर्कसंगत/ प्रतिपाद्य/स्थायी) 
  • Synonyms: Defensible, Justifiable, Defendable, Supportable, Sustainable, Maintainable, Arguable, Reasonable.
  • Antonyms: Unjustifiable, Unreasonable, Untenable.
Example: The judge quickly dismissed the prosecutor’s case because it lacked a tenable argument.
Related words:
Tenableness (noun) – विश्वसनीयता

12. Warmonger (noun): A person who advocates war or warlike policies/a person who encourages or advocates aggression towards other countries or groups.  (युद्धोत्तेजक) 
  • Synonyms: Militarist, Hawk, Jingoist, Belligerent.
  • Antonyms: Pacifist, Peace maker.
Example: A warmonger person often makes such kind of comments that often lead to fights.

13. Steer (verb): Guide or control the movement of.  (परिचालन करना/चलाना) 
  • Synonyms: Guide, Drive, Conduct, Control, Govern.
  • Antonyms: Abandon, Ignore. 
Example: This government seems determined to steer a middle course in order to gain popularity.
Verb forms: Steer, Steered, Steered.
Related words:
Steerage (noun) - अगुआई

14. Mandate (verb): (give (someone) authority to act in a certain way.) (जनादेश/ आज्ञा देना) 
  • Synonyms: Authorize, Command, Behest, Edict.
  • Antonyms: Denial, Refusal.
Example: During the hurricane, several rescue groups received a mandate to help evacuate the city.
Verb forms: Mandate, Mandated, Mandated.
Related words:
Mandate (noun) – आदेश

15. Paradigm (noun): A typical example or pattern of something (स्वरुप) 
  • Synonyms: exempler, model, Pattern, Prototype.
Example: After the terrorist attack, the government created a new paradigm for domestic security.
Related words:
Paradigmatic (adverb) – प्रतिमानात्मक

16. Anonymity (noun): The state of having no known name or identity or known source. (अनामिकता/गुमनामी) 
  • Synonyms: Namelessness, Indistinctness, Obscurity. 
  • Antonyms: Recognition, Identification.  
Example: To protect patient anonymity, the AIDS clinic uses a number system for identification.
Related words:
Anonymous (adjective) – अज्ञातकृत
Anonymously (adverb) – अज्ञात रूप से

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