English Vocab 31 By Anoop Verma Sir

1. Adjudicate (verb): Make a formal judgment on a disputed matter. / pronounce or declare judicially.  (निर्णय करना/फैसला करना)  

• Synonyms: Arbitrate, Judge, Adjudge, Decide, Determine.
• Antonyms: Defer, Ignore, Dodge.

Example: The administrative board will adjudicate on the terms of the engineer’s suspension for misconduct.

Verb forms: Adjudicate, Adjudicated, Adjudicated.

Related words:

• Adjudication (noun) – न्यायिक निर्णय
• Adjudicator (noun) – अधिनिर्णायक 
• Adjudicative (adjective) – निर्णायक

2. Ad hoc (adjective): For or concerned with one specific purpose. / created or done for a particular purpose as necessary. (विशेष/किसी ख़ास स्थितिके लिए)  

• Synonyms: Impromptu, Extemporaneous, Emergency, Specific.
• Antonyms: General, Usual, Common, Regular.

Example: The collaboration among the teachers is an ad hoc project designed to improve student morale.

3. Subsume (verb): Encompass as a subordinate or component element./ to include or place within something larger or more comprehensive.  (केअंतर्गत करना/सम्मिलित करना)  

• Synonyms: Contain, Incorporate, Involve, Include, Encompass.
• Antonyms: Exclude, Disengage, Isolate.

Example: Games and team sports are subsumed under the classification of “recreation”.

Verb forms: Subsume, Subsumed, Subsumed.

4. Verdict (noun): An opinion or judgment. (फैसला /निर्णय)

• Synonyms: Decision, Judgment, Ruling, Adjudication, Conclusion, decree.
• Antonyms: Accusation, Allegations.

Example: Everyone was expecting a guilty verdict, but the severity of the sentence was somewhat of a surprise.

5. Unfettered (adjective): Not confined or restrained. (निरंकुश)  

• Synonyms: Free, Loose, Liberated, Allowed, Unrestrained, Unrestricted, Unconstrained, Unconfined, Unimpeded.
• Antonyms: Restricted, Fettered, Restrained, Confined.

Example: Illegal drug sales go unfettered under the ignorant eyes of the crooked sheriff.

Verb forms: Unfetter, Unfettered, Unfettered

Related words:

• Unfetter (verb) -  मुक्त करना

6. Litigation (noun): The process of taking legal action.  (मुकदमा)  

• Synonyms: Lawsuit, Case, Prosecution, Exordium, Judicial Proceeding.
• Antonyms: Ignorance.

Example: We will have to litigate the matter if we face further harassment from opposition party.

Verb forms: Litigate, Litigated, Litigated.

Related words:

• Litigate (verb) - मुक़दमा करना

7. Apportion (verb): Divide up and share out./ distribute according to a plan.  (विभाजित करना/बांटना)  

• Synonyms: Share Out, Divide, Allocate, Distribute, Allot, Dispense.
• Antonyms: Keep, Withhold, Combine, Deny, Hold.

Example: The charity will apportion funds in a manner that will allow it to feed as many people as possible.

Verb forms: Apportion, Apportioned, Apportioned.

Related words:

• Apportionment (noun) - आबंटन

8. Riparian (adjective): Relating to or situated on the banks of a river. (तटवर्ती/तटीय)  

• Synonyms: Onshore, Coastal, Circumlittoral, Inshore, Riverian.
• Antonyms: Deserty.

Example: The Riparian areas are generally most prolific one due to alluvial soil.

9. Agrarian (adjective): Relating to cultivated land or the cultivation of land. (कृषि संम्बन्धी)

• Synonyms: Agricultural, Natural, Peasant, Rustic, Uncultivated, Predial. 
• Antonyms: Industrial.

Example: In the agrarian industry, the farmers nurture the land because it is the source of their incomes.

10. Partisan (adjective): Prejudiced in favor of a particular cause. (पक्षपातपूर्ण)

• Synonyms: Biased, Prejudiced, One-Sided, Discriminatory, Preferential, Partial.
• Antonyms: Fair, Unbiased, Neutral, Impartial, Equitable.

Example: The partisan press members made a point of criticizing every move the president made.

Related words:

• Partisanship (noun) - पक्षपात