English Vocab 43 By Anoop Verma Sir

1. Ascension (noun):  The act of moving to a higher or more powerful position. (आरोहण/पद ग्रहण करना)  

• Synonyms: Ascent, Climbing, Mounting, Rising, Scaling, Soaring, Escalating.
• Antonyms: Declension, Decline, Descendancy.

Example: His ascension to the presidency proved to be worthy as international relations of the country started towards amelioration.

Verb forms: Ascend, Ascended, Ascended.

Related words:

• Ascend (verb) - आरोहण करना
• Ascendance (noun) - आरोहण
• Ascendant (adjective) - आरोहत्

2. Coalition (noun):  A body formed by the coalescing of originally distinct elements /a group formed to gain an advantage. (गठबंधन/संघ मेल)  

• Synonyms: Alliance, Union, Partnership, Affiliation.
• Antonyms: Detachment, Disunion, Division.

Example: If we want to obtain a pay raise, we need to form a coalition or a union to stand together against our employer.

3. Onus (noun): Something that is one's duty or responsibility.   (भार/ज़िम्मेदारी)  

• Synonyms: Vouchment, Responsibility, Liability, Obligation, Duty, Load.
• Antonyms: Negligence, Irresponsibility, Untidiness, Insouciance. 

Example: As a good teacher, I accept the onus for making sure my students learn something each day.

4. Predicament (noun): A situation from which extrication is difficult especially an unpleasant or trying one.  (कठिन परिस्थिति/संकट में होना)  

• Synonyms: Difficult Situation, Mess, Difficulty, Problematic, Issue, Plight, Quandary, Trouble, Muddle.
• Antonyms: Blessing, Boon, Solution.

Example: The book “the Subconscious mind” describes one soul's predicament when the mind of its human host refuses to cooperate with her takeover.

5. Fiasco (noun): A complete failure. (असफलता/विफलता)

• Synonyms: Failure, Hoodoo, Flop, Ruin.
• Antonyms: Winning, Accomplishment, Achievement, Triumph, Success.

Example: After the pharmaceutical company endured a poisoning fiasco, it was unprofitable for several years.

6. Speculation (noun):  The forming of a theory or conjecture without firm evidence. (अटकलबाज़ी/विचार/परिकल्पना)  

• Synonyms:  Conjecture, Theorizing, Hypothesizing, Supposition, Guesswork, Thought.
• Antonyms: Reality, Truth, Knowledge, Proof, Fact.

Example: Without any leads or evidence, the detectives can only speculate about who might have committed the crime.

Verb forms: Speculate, Speculated, Speculated.

Related words:

•  Speculate (verb) - अनुमान लगाना/विचार करना

7. Contrarian (adjective):  Opposing or rejecting popular opinion or current practice. (विपरीत)   

• Synonyms: Contradictory, Converse, Counter, Dissident, Obstinate.
• Antonyms: Harmonious, Agreeable, Friendly, Conforming, Obliging.

Example: Contrary to what my wife has told the judge, I have never been unfaithful to her.

Related words:

• Contrariant (adjective) - प्रतिकूल
• Contrariety (noun) - विपरीतता
• Contrary (adjective) - विपरीतता

8. Maverick (adjective):   Tending to choose a different path from everyone else.  (स्वतंत्र विचारों वाला/अपरंपरागत)  

• Synonyms:  Nonconformist, Unorthodox Person, Unconventional, Original, Trendsetter, Bohemian.
• Antonyms: Conservative, Moderate.

Example: The maverick politician promised to leave behind the ways of the old guard and bring change to the government.

9. Stalwart (adjective): Extremely dedicated and loyal./ a loyal, reliable, and hard-working supporter of or participant in an organization or team. (निष्ठावानसमर्थक)  

• Synonyms: Staunch, Loyal, Faithful, Committed, Reliable, Devoted.
• Antonyms: Unreliable, Incredible, Dubious, Eely.

Example: The stalwart soldier died protecting his queen.

Related words:

• Stalwartness (noun) – दृढ़ता

10. Naught (noun):  Not anything/ come to nothing.   (शून्य/बेकार/व्यर्थ)

• Synonyms: Nothing, Worthless, Insignificant, Nil, Cipher.
• Antonyms: Fruitful, Gainful, Rich, Prolific.

Example: Our picnic planning is for naught since a storm is rapidly approaching our area.